Alan Turing
  • Home
  • Context
    • Digital Foundations
    • Turing's Background
    • The Computer Age
  • Intelligent Machinery
    • Early Ideas
    • The Turing Test
    • Objections
  • Significance
    • Leadership
    • Legacy
    • Modern Applications
  • Conclusion
    • Endnotes
    • Research Materials

Endnotes


[1] Menabrea, L. F. Sketch of the Analytical Engine Invented By Charles Babbage. Tech. no. 82. Trans. Ada Lovelace. N.p.: n.p., 1842. Bibliothèque Universelle De Genève. Formilab. Web. 23 Mar. 2015.
[2] Gilder, George. Romer's Recipes and Their Limits. Knowledge and Power: The Information Theory of Capitalism and How It Is Revolutionizing Our World. N.p.: n.p., 2013. N. pag. Web.
[3] Pratt, Vernon. Thinking Machines: The Evolution of Artificial Intelligence. Oxford: Blackwell, 1987. Print.
[4] “Turing Machine.” Encyclopedia of Computer Science. 4th ed. 2000. Print.
[5] Godel, Kurt. Letter to Martin Davis. 3 June 1964. MS. N.p.
[6] Newman, Max. “Alan Mathison Turing.” Biographical Memoirs of the Fellows of the Royal Society. n.p., 1955. Print.
[7] “Heuristic.” Merriam-webster.com. Merriam Webster, n.d. Web. 1 Feb. 2015.
[8] Holland, Owen, et al. The Mechanical Mind in History. Cambridge: MIT, 2008. Print.
[9] Leavitt, David. The Man Who Knew Too Much. New York: Norton, 2006. Print.

[10] Turing, Alan. Letter to W. Ross Ashby. 19 Nov. 1946. W. Ross Ashby Digital Archive. Web.
[11] Proposed Electronic Calculator. Teddington: National Physics Laboratory, 1946. Turing Digital Archive. Web.

[12] Copeland, Jack. Skype interview. 17 Feb. 2015.
[13] Turing, Alan. “Intelligent Machinery, a Heretical Theory.” Manchester. n.d. Turing Digital Archive. Web. 7 February 2015. 
[14] Whitby, Blay. “The Turing Test: AI’s Biggest Blind Alley?” The Legacy of Alan Turing, Eds. Andy Clark and Peter Millican. Oxford: Clarendon, 1996. Print.
[15] Turing, Alan. “Computing Machinery and Intelligence.” Mind 1950: 433-60. Web.
[16] Jefferson, Geoffrey. “The Mind of Mechanical Man.” 285. Vol. 1. London: British Medical Journal, 1949. Print.
[17] “Leader.” Oxford Dictionaries. Oxford, n.d. Web. 1 Feb. 2015.
[18] Turing, Alan. Letter to Norman Routledge. Feb. 1952. The Turing Digital Archive. Web.
[19] “Legacy.” Oxford Dictionaries. Oxford University Press, n.d. Web. 1 Feb. 2015.
[20] Loebner, Hugh. E-mail interview. 10 Feb. 2015.
[21] Copeland, Jack. “Expert Systems.” AlanTuring.net. n.p., May 2000. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
[22] “Robots Work Their Way Into Small Factories.” The Wall Street Journal 17 Sept. 2015: n. pag. Web. 10 Jan. 2015.
[23] “Skilled Work, Without the Worker.” The New York Times 18 Aug. 2014: n. pag. Web. 10 Jan. 2015.
[24] Bluck, Josh. “NASA Artificial Intelligence Could Help Astronauts Work More Efficiently in Space.” NASA, 30 Mar. 2005. Web. 23 Jan. 2015.
[25] Kurzweil, Ray. “Q&A With Kurzweil’s Ray Kurzweil.” Businessweek 23 Feb. 1998: n. pag. Web.
[26] Copeland, Jack. “What Is Artificial Intelligence?” AlanTuring.net. n.p., May 2000. Web. 21 Jan. 2015.
[27] Akgul, Dr. Aziz. “Artificial Intelligence: Military Applications.” Turkish Military Academy, n.d. Web.
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